Accountability of pregnant women and gamete donors to offspring

It has been shown that giving antiretrovirals along with a detailed treatment plan to pregnant women with HIV/AIDS reduces the rate of transmission to their infants to about 2.5 percent. Given this information, many people believe that HIV testing should be mandatory in pregnant women who present for prenatal care. Do you think women should:
Be told of their physician's intent to test them for HIV and given the option to refuse testing.
Be told of the benefits of prenatal testing but have to opt-in to the testing.
Not be told of the HIV/AIDS test specifically, but tested for it when they consent to the normal prenatal blood work.

People should be allowed to donate gametes (sperm or eggs) anonymously, that is, with the proviso that identifying, non-health related information (known to the gamete "banking" facility) will not be revealed to the offspring.
Agree.
Disagree.

New mothers should be liable for civil action (e.g., neglect, endangerment) on behalf of their impaired newborn if the impairment can be decisively attributed to their (fill in the blank) while pregnant. (Choose all that apply)
Smoking.
Drinking.
Use of illegal drugs.
Use of legal drugs.
Poor nutrition.
Lack of prenatal care.
Risk taking behaviors, e.g., skydiving.
Mothers should not be liable for civil action taken on behalf of their impaired offspring.