Reproductive medicine is a field—like genetics and others—in which advances in medical science and technology often outpace society’s opportunity for due deliberation about their ethical use. Employing preimplantation genetic diagnosis followed by embryo selection to choose the sex (and potentially other traits) of a child is just one example. Contributors to the October issue discuss the many questions and tensions that surround evolving technologies and practices—from those that prevent or enable conception to those used in hospital labor wards.